Biography Of George Orwell
George Orwell
George Orwell, (25 June 1903 21 January 1950) is one of the 20th century’s leading and most thought-provoking authors. His few books have spawned an intense critique of the literary and political world. Orwell was a socialist, however, in the same way, his writings were not a part of any particular ideology. His most famous works include his two novels – “1984” and “Animal Farm” both warn against threats of a totalitarian state. They were written shortly following the Second World War, they resonated with readers because of current concerns about the expanding influence of the state. Orwell was a primary writer of the political, but for Orwell, his aim was not to advocate the views of a particular group, but rather to discover the truth, and to expose the inequity and insanity that was prevalent within the society.
Orwell’s early life
Orwell was born Eric Blair on 25 June 1903 in Motihari, Bihar, India. After being born, he had been taken by his mother home to Oxfordshire, England. The family was financially poor however, they were an aspirational middle-class family. Orwell described it as ‘lower-upper-middle-class’ – a reflection of the importance he felt the English attached to class labels.
The family was in financial hardship and unable to afford the fees of the proper private school, he was educated at St. Cyprian’s School in Eastbourne which was an initial crammer for an award for schools that were public like Eton. In his later piece “Such, Such Were the Joys” the author was critical about his experience at St. Cyprian’s and the difficulty of trying to be content in such a hostile atmosphere. At the age of fourteen, He was able to go to Eton where he was able to have better memories due to the more stimulating intellectual environment. But the feeling of being a lot less fortunate than his peers was still there. He graduated from Eton with firm “middle-class” values but also felt uneasy about his social standing.
In the years following his schooling Orwell was unable to afford a university education, so in search of an alternative Orwell accepted a position in his local Burmese public service. It was in Burma it was that Orwell began to declare the independence he had gained from his wealthy childhood. Shockingly, Orwell later told how the author found himself supporting the local people and hating the imperial idealism as his own. He resigned from his post in 1927. In his article Shooting the Elephant the author reveals his thoughts on Burma:
“Theoretically and in the shadows, I was always against the Burmese and for all the oppressors of the British. In the course of the work I did, I hated it more than I can clarify”
It was the way of life of George Orwell to try and look at a situation from another viewpoint. He was dissatisfied with the accepted wisdom of society. In the end, he began to hate his middle-class background and was compelled to be an uninvolved tramp. He wanted to see life from the slums. His vivid experiences are documented in his memoir ” Down and out in Paris and London”. It is no longer possible for Orwell to be classified as”a “Champagne Socialist”; by being among the poorest and least fortunate He gained a unique understanding of the workings of ideas from the working class and politics of the working class.
Biography Of George Orwell
The Road to Wigan Pier
In the midst of the depression’s worst, Orwell undertook another experience traveling to Wigan which was an industrial city located in Lancashire that was suffering from the full-on effects of poverty and mass unemployment. Orwell openly admitted that as a child their family taught him to dislike the working classes. Orwell vividly describes that he was obsessed with the notion that working-class smelled:
“At a distance. I could be enraged by their miseries but I was still apathetic towards them and resented them whenever I saw the subject.”
The Road to Wigan Pier offered a profound insight into the state of the working class. It also was an opportunity for Orwell to be a part of those whom he had previously distantly astonished. “The Road towards Wigan Pier inevitably had an underlying political message, however, like many other works by Orwell the novel, wasn’t entirely palatable to leftists. For instance, it was not pleasing to those who were part of the Communist party. The book was having been promoted by the majority Communist group called The Left Book club.
Orwell and the Spanish Civil War
It was during the Spanish Civil war that Orwell was able to realize his hatred for Communist influences. The year 1936 was when Orwell offered to join the newly-formed Spanish Republic, which at that time was fighting the Fascist troops of General Franco. This war caused a divide between nations. For those on the left, the war was seen as a symbol of a genuine socialist revolution based upon the principle of freedom and equality. In support of these ideals, it was that thousands of volunteers from all over the world traveled to Spain to fight for the cause of the republic. Orwell was caught right in the middle of the Socialist revolution in Barcelona. His assignment was to the Anarchist or Trotskyist party called P.O.U.M. Much more than other left-wing groups P.O.U.M. believed strongly in the idea of a true Marxist revolution.
For those who were part of the P.O.U.M., the war was not only focused on fighting the Fascist threat, but also on implementing the promise of a Socialist revolutionary revolution to the worker’s class. In his book ” Homage to Catalonia” Orwell recounts his experiences, and he reveals the inefficiency of the Spanish fighting battles. Orwell was impressed by the revolutionary enthusiasm that a portion of his fellow party members but one of his most memorable impressions was the perception that he had been betrayed by the Republic at the hands of the Stalinist party. Communist party.
“the Communists stood not upon the extreme Left rather, they stood on the extremist right. This shouldn’t come as a shock due to the tactics used by the Communist organizations are widely used elsewhere”
He was unaware that he was involved in a war within the left when The Soviet Union-backed Communist party became hostile to Trotskyite groups like the P.O.U.M. In the final battle, Orwell narrowly escaped with his life, having been wounded in his throat. Orwell was able to return to England and he learned firsthand that revolutions can easily be sabotaged; concepts which would later influence his most famous work ” Animal Farm.”
During the Second World War, Orwell was declared unfit for active duty. He actively supported the war effort from the start. (He didn’t wait for the Soviet Union to enter like some communists.) He also began writing for the left-leaning magazine ‘The Tribune’ which was associated with the left of the Labour Party. Orwell was appointed editor and was enthusiastic about supporting the radical Labour government of 1945, which implemented a national health service, welfare state, and nationalization of major industries. However, Orwell was not just focused on politics, he took an active interest in working-class life and English culture. His short essays investigated aspects of English life from fish and chips to the eleven rules of making a good cup of tea.
Orwell identified himself as a secular humanist who could criticize organized faith in his works. But, he also had an appreciation for the cultural and social part that was The Church of England and attended services regularly.
He got married to Eileen O’Shaughnessy in 1936 and 1944, the couple adopted a baby of three weeks named Richard Horatio. Orwell grieved when Eileen passed away and he wished to get married again – looking for the mother of his son. He contacted several women to ask for their consent to marry and Sonia Branwell accepted in 1949 – despite his declining health. Orwell was a heavy smoker and this impacted his lungs which led to bronchial ailments. In the final period of his life, he relocated to an isolated farm in Jura, the Scottish island called Jura to work on his work. Orwell died on the 21st of January, 1950. His close friend David Astor helped him to be buried in the Sutton Courtenay churchyard, Oxfordshire.
The two most famous novels by Orwell included ” Animal Farm” and ” 1984″. Animal Farm is a simple symbol of revolutions that are not successful, based on 1984, which was the Russian revolution. 1984 depicts a dystopian tale that reveals the dangers of creating a totalitarian government that has complete power over the citizens of its.
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